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European Sweetflag,
Acorus calamus
Inflorescence a cylindric tapering spadix; leaf-like spathe continues up, per Wildflowers of Tennessee, the Ohio Valley, and the Southern Appalachians (Horn, Cathcart, Hemmerly, & Duhl, 2005).
Skunk Cabbage,
Symplocarpus foetidus
The brownish-purple, fleshy, hoodlike spathe is usually striped or spotted, per Wildflowers & Plant Communities of the Southern Appalachian Mountains and Piedmont (Spira, 2011).
Skunk Cabbage,
Symplocarpus foetidus
The spathe encloses a ball-like spadix with numerous tiny flowers, per Wildflowers & Plant Communities of the Southern Appalachian Mountains and Piedmont (Spira, 2011).
Green Arrow-arum,
Peltandra virginica
The spadix is enclosed within a green sheathlike envelope (spathe), per Wildflowers of the Sandhills Region (Sorrie, 2011).
White Arrow-arum,
Peltandra sagittifolia
Spathe tube light green inside & out, closed; spathe blade white, widely open, per Flora of North America.
White Arrow-arum,
Peltandra sagittifolia
Inflorescence a spadix subtended by a flared, open, white spathe, per Guide to the Wildflowers of SC, 1st ed. (Porcher & Rayner, 2001).
Green Dragon,
Arisaema dracontium
Spathe hood 2.5-3.5cm long, tightly enclosing the spadix, 1-1.5cm broad when unrolled, per A Review of Arisaema (Araceae) in North America: Nine species instead of two? (Wyatt & Stoneburner, 2022).
Green Dragon,
Arisaema dracontium
Spadices very long, attenuate, and strongly exserted from the tightly enclosing spathe, per A Review of Arisaema (Araceae) in North America: Nine species instead of two? (Wyatt & Stoneburner, 2022).
Common Jack-in-the-Pulpit,
Arisaema triphyllum
A. triphyllum expresses two color morphs: a purple-spathed variant and...
Common Jack-in-the-Pulpit,
Arisaema triphyllum
...a green-spathed variant - both commonly occurring within the same population, per A Review of Arisaema (Araceae) in North America: Nine species instead of two? (Wyatt & Stoneburner, 2022).
Common Jack-in-the-Pulpit,
Arisaema triphyllum
Spathe flange much wider than in A. stewardsonii, acuminatum, or pusillum, per Weakley's Flora.
Common Jack-in-the-Pulpit,
Arisaema triphyllum
Spathe hood underside purple or green with white stripes reaching well above the spadix, per Weakley's Flora (2023).
Common Jack-in-the-Pulpit,
Arisaema triphyllum
Spathe hides the tiny flowers at spadix base (male on left, female on right).
Small Jack-in-the-pulpit,
Arisaema pusillum
Spathe flange 1-3mm broad, hood solid green or solid purple, apex acute, per Weakley's Flora (2015).
Preacher John,
Arisaema quinatum
Spathe flange 2-9mm broad; hood green, obtuse to abruptly acute, per Weakley's Flora (2015).
Jack-in-the-Pulpit,
Arisaema species 2
Spathe hood underside purple w white stripes reaching just above spadix (median stripe farther), per Weakley's Flora (2023).
Bog Jack-in-the-pulpit,
Arisaema stewardsonii
Tube of spathe deeply furrowed on the outside, forming conspicuous ridges, per Newcomb's Wildflower Guide (Newcomb, 1977).
Bog Jack-in-the-pulpit,
Arisaema stewardsonii
Spathe flange 1-3mm broad; spathe hood green with white or purple stripes, per Weakley's Flora (2015).
Preacher John,
Arisaema quinatum
Spathe withers after flowering, replaced by a showy cluster of red berries, per Atlantic Coastal Plain Wildflowers (Nelson, 2006).
Pinellia,
Pinellia ternata
Spadix fused to the spathe (vs. spadix free from the spathe in Arisaema), per Weakley's Flora (2012).
Green Dragon,
Pinellia tripartita
Spadix has a 7-10" whip-like extension which emerges upward from the spathe, per www.missouribotanicalgarden.org.
Chinese Green Dragon,
Pinellia pedatisecta
Spathe 10-19cm long; spadix 14-20cm long, per Weakley's Flora (2020).
Chinese Green Dragon,
Pinellia pedatisecta
The Pinellia spadix is fused to the back of the spathe for some distance, per International Aroid Society.
Chinese Green Dragon,
Pinellia pedatisecta
Spathe slightly convolute at base, not constricted between tube and limb, per Flora of China.
Giant Elephant's-ear,
Colocasia gigantea
Spathe tube green, ellipsoid; limb erect, white, oblong-boat-shaped, distinctly constricted, per Flora of China.
Elephant's-ear,
Colocasia esculenta
Spathe limb opening only proximally (remainder furled), lanceolate or elliptic, apex acuminate, per Flora of China.
Green Dragon,
Pinellia tripartita
Spathe persistent, slightly constricted between tube & blade, per Flora of China.
Virginia Dayflower,
Commelina virginica
Flowers from within greenish spathes, usually in a terminal cluster, per Wildflowers of the Eastern United States (Duncan & Duncan, 1999).
Virginia Dayflower,
Commelina virginica
Numerous terminal spathes [easier to see here with the flowers gone], per Wildflowers of Tennessee, the Ohio Valley, and the Southern Appalachians (Horn, Cathcart, Hemmerly, & Duhl, 2005).
Erect Dayflower,
Commelina erecta var. erecta
Flowers subtended by folded heart-shaped spathe, its margins fused basally, per Wildflowers of the Southern Mountains (Smith, 1998).
Sand Dayflower,
Commelina erecta var. angustifolia
Flowers grow from within broad fused bracts (spathes) that sheath the stem, per Wildflowers of the Sandhills Region (Sorrie, 2011).
Asiatic Dayflower,
Commelina communis
Flowers subtended by folded heart-shaped spathe, its edges not joined, per Wildflowers of the Southern Mountains (Smith, 1998).
Asiatic Dayflower,
Commelina communis
Spathes generally pale toward peduncle, with contrasting dark green veins, per Weakley's Flora (2015).
Spreading Dayflower,
Commelina diffusa
Spathes are sickle-shaped (falcate) and their margins are not fused, per Wildflowers of Tennessee (Carman, 2005).
Tropical Spiderwort,
Commelina benghalensis
Spathes funnelform, often clustered, per Weakley's Flora (2015).
Hairy Spiderwort,
Tradescantia hirsuticaulis
Tradescantia spathes are paired, terminate stem, and resemble foliage leaves, per Weakley's Flora (2015).
Woolly Frogsmouth,
Philydrum lanuginosum
Flowers borne in the axils of spathe-like bracts, per Angiosperm Phylogeny Website.
Rush-featherling,
Pleea tenuifolia
Bracts of the inflorescence large, spathelike, acuminate-aristate at the tip, per Weakley's Flora (2015).
Spring Starflower,
Ipheion uniflorum
Scape terminated by a 2-lobed or parted membraneous spathe & a solitary flower, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
Field Garlic,
Allium vineale
A membranous spathe surrounds the inflorescence & extends into a slender beak, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
False Garlic,
Nothoscordum bivalve
Scapes erect, terminated by membranous spathes and umbels of perfect flowers, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
Summer Snowflake,
Leucojum aestivum
The umbel's subtending spathe splits open on 1 side for over half its length, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
Pale Blue-eyed-grass,
Sisyrinchium albidum
A single outer bract, 3.5-10cm long, subtends twinned pair of sessile spathes, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
White Irisette,
Sisyrinchium dichotomum
It has several pedunculate spathes that become progressively smaller upwards, per Wildflowers of the Southern Mountains (Smith, 1998).
Needletip Blue-eyed-grass,
Sisyrinchium mucronatum
Each scape has a solitary sessile purple spathe bearing clusters of flowers, per Wildflowers of the Southern Mountains (Smith, 1998).
Atlantic Blue-eyed-grass,
Sisyrinchium atlanticum
Stems much longer than leaves and usually branched, w 2 long-stalked spathes, per Wildflowers of the Southern Mountains (Smith, 1998).
Narrowleaf Blue-eyed-grass,
Sisyrinchium angustifolium
Stems are usually branched, each with 2(+) spathes on long peduncles, per Wildflowers of the Southern Mountains (Smith, 1998).